Incoterms
Incoterms are standard trade definitions most commonly used in international sales contracts. Devised and published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), they are at the heart of world trade.
ICC recommends that "Incoterms 2000" be referred to specifically whenever the terms are used, together with a location. For example, the term "Delivered at Frontier" (DAF) should always be accompanied by a reference to an exact place and the frontier to which delivery is to be made.
Here are three examples of correct use of Incoterms:
FCA Kuala Lumpur Incoterms 2000
FOB Shanghai Incoterms 2000
DDU Frankfurt Schmidt GmbH Warehouse 4 Incoterms 2000
To make sure using Incoterms correctly, please refer to http://www.iccwbo.org/incoterms/id3040/index.html for detailed explaination.
Incoterm 2000 |
Incoterm 2000 (Acronym) |
Warehouse Service Charges |
Dock & Loading Charges |
Inland Charges |
Port Charges |
Forwarder's Charges |
Loading on vessel |
Freight Charges |
Charges Upon Arrival |
Duty/Taxes & Customs Clearance |
Door Delivery Charges |
| EX WORKS | EXW |
Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| FREE CARRIER | FCA |
Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| FRREE ALONGSIDESHIP | FAS |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| FREE ONBOARD VESSEL | FOB |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| COST & FREIGHT | CFR |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| COST, INSURANCE & FREIGHT | CIF |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| CARRIAGE PAID TO | CPT |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| CARRIAGE INSURANCE PAID TO | CIP |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer | Importer |
| DELIVERED AT FRONTIER | DAF |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer |
| DELIVERED EX SHIP | DES |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Importer |
| DELIVERED EX QUAY DUTY PAID | DEQ |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer |
| DELIVERED DUTY UNPAID | DDU |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Importer | Exporter |
| DELIVERED DUTY PAID | DDP |
Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter | Exporter |